mirror of
https://github.com/RhenCloud/Cloud-Index.git
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546 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
546 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Docker 部署
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createTime: 2025/11/09 00:26:55
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permalink: /guide/docker
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---
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# Docker 部署
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详细的 Docker 部署指南。
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## 前置要求
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- Docker 已安装（[获取 Docker](https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/)）
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- Docker Compose 已安装（通常随 Docker Desktop 一同安装）
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- 基本的 Docker 命令行知识
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## 快速开始
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### 1. 构建镜像
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/RhenCloud/Cloud-Index.git
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cd Cloud Index
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# 构建镜像
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docker build -t Cloud Index:latest .
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```
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### 2. 运行容器
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-e STORAGE_TYPE=r2 \
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-e R2_ENDPOINT_URL=https://account.r2.cloudflarestorage.com \
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-e ACCESS_KEY_ID=your_key \
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-e SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=your_secret \
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-e R2_BUCKET_NAME=your_bucket \
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Cloud Index:latest
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```
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### 3. 访问应用
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打开浏览器访问 `http://localhost:5000`
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## Docker Compose 部署
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### 基础配置
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创建 `docker-compose.yml`：
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```yaml
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version: '3.8'
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services:
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Cloud Index:
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build: .
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container_name: Cloud Index
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ports:
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- "5000:5000"
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environment:
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STORAGE_TYPE: r2
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R2_ENDPOINT_URL: https://account.r2.cloudflarestorage.com
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R2_BUCKET_NAME: your-bucket
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ACCESS_KEY_ID: your_key
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SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: your_secret
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FLASK_ENV: production
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volumes:
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- ./cache:/app/static/thumbs
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restart: always
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```
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启动服务：
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```bash
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docker-compose up -d
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docker-compose logs -f
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```
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### 完整配置（含 Nginx）
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```yaml
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version: '3.8'
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services:
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app:
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build:
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context: .
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dockerfile: Dockerfile
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container_name: Cloud Index-app
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environment:
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STORAGE_TYPE: r2
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R2_ENDPOINT_URL: ${R2_ENDPOINT_URL}
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R2_BUCKET_NAME: ${R2_BUCKET_NAME}
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ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${ACCESS_KEY_ID}
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SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${SECRET_ACCESS_KEY}
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FLASK_ENV: production
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THUMB_TTL_SECONDS: 86400
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volumes:
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- app-cache:/app/static/thumbs
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- app-logs:/app/logs
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restart: unless-stopped
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healthcheck:
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test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:5000/"]
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interval: 30s
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timeout: 10s
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retries: 3
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start_period: 10s
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networks:
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- r2-network
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nginx:
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image: nginx:alpine
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container_name: Cloud Index-nginx
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ports:
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- "80:80"
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- "443:443"
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volumes:
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- ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
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- ./ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl:ro
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- ./cache:/app/static/thumbs:ro
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depends_on:
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- app
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restart: unless-stopped
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networks:
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- r2-network
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volumes:
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app-cache:
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app-logs:
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networks:
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r2-network:
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driver: bridge
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```
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## Dockerfile 详解
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标准的 Dockerfile 配置：
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```dockerfile
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# 使用官方 Python 运行时作为基础镜像
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FROM python:3.11-slim
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# 设置工作目录
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WORKDIR /app
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# 安装系统依赖
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RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
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gcc \
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libjpeg-dev \
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zlib1g-dev \
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&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
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# 复制依赖文件
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COPY requirements.txt .
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# 安装 Python 依赖
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RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
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# 复制应用代码
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COPY . .
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# 设置环境变量
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ENV FLASK_APP=app.py
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ENV FLASK_ENV=production
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ENV FLASK_RUN_HOST=0.0.0.0
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# 暴露端口
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EXPOSE 5000
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# 健康检查
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HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=10s --start-period=10s --retries=3 \
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CMD curl -f http://localhost:5000/ || exit 1
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# 启动应用
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CMD ["python", "app.py"]
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```
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## 环境变量配置
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### 方式一：直接在命令行指定
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-e STORAGE_TYPE=r2 \
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-e R2_ENDPOINT_URL=https://account.r2.cloudflarestorage.com \
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-e R2_BUCKET_NAME=my-bucket \
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-e ACCESS_KEY_ID=key123 \
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-e SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=secret456 \
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Cloud Index:latest
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```
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### 方式二：使用环境文件
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创建 `.env.docker`：
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```env
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STORAGE_TYPE=r2
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R2_ENDPOINT_URL=https://account.r2.cloudflarestorage.com
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R2_BUCKET_NAME=my-bucket
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ACCESS_KEY_ID=key123
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SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=secret456
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FLASK_ENV=production
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THUMB_TTL_SECONDS=86400
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```
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运行时指定：
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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--env-file .env.docker \
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Cloud Index:latest
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```
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### 方式三：Docker Compose 环境文件
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创建 `.env`，`docker-compose.yml` 自动读取：
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```bash
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cp .env.example .env
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# 编辑 .env 文件
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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## 数据卷管理
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### 挂载缓存目录
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```bash
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# 本地缓存
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v $(pwd)/cache:/app/static/thumbs \
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--env-file .env.docker \
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Cloud Index:latest
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# 命名卷
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docker volume create r2-cache
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v r2-cache:/app/static/thumbs \
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--env-file .env.docker \
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Cloud Index:latest
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```
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### 挂载日志目录
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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-v $(pwd)/logs:/app/logs \
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-v $(pwd)/cache:/app/static/thumbs \
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--env-file .env.docker \
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Cloud Index:latest
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```
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## 网络配置
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### 单容器模式
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name Cloud Index \
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-p 5000:5000 \
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--env-file .env.docker \
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Cloud Index:latest
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```
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### Docker Compose 网络
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```yaml
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networks:
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r2-network:
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driver: bridge
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```
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容器内相互通信：
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```yaml
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services:
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app:
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networks:
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- r2-network
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nginx:
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depends_on:
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- app
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networks:
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- r2-network
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```
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访问 `http://app:5000` 时，Nginx 容器可以连接到应用容器。
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## 常用命令
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### 镜像操作
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```bash
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# 列出镜像
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docker images
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# 删除镜像
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docker rmi Cloud Index:latest
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# 标记镜像
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docker tag Cloud Index:v1.0
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# 推送到仓库
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docker push myrepo/Cloud Index:v1.0
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# 构建带标签的镜像
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docker build -t Cloud Index:v1.0 .
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```
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### 容器操作
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```bash
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# 列出运行中的容器
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docker ps
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# 列出所有容器
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docker ps -a
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# 查看容器日志
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docker logs Cloud Index
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docker logs -f Cloud Index # 实时日志
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docker logs --tail 100 Cloud Index # 最后 100 行
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# 进入容器
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docker exec -it Cloud Index bash
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# 停止容器
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docker stop Cloud Index
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# 启动容器
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docker start Cloud Index
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# 重启容器
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docker restart Cloud Index
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# 删除容器
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docker rm Cloud Index # 容器必须已停止
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# 查看容器统计信息
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docker stats Cloud Index
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```
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### Docker Compose 操作
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```bash
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# 启动所有服务
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docker-compose up -d
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# 停止所有服务
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docker-compose down
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# 查看日志
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docker-compose logs -f
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# 查看特定服务日志
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docker-compose logs -f app
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# 重启服务
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docker-compose restart
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# 构建镜像
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docker-compose build
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# 删除卷
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docker-compose down -v
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```
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## 生产部署最佳实践
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### 1. 使用数据卷持久化存储
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```yaml
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volumes:
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app-cache:
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driver: local
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app-logs:
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driver: local
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services:
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app:
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volumes:
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- app-cache:/app/static/thumbs
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- app-logs:/app/logs
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```
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### 2. 设置资源限制
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```yaml
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services:
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app:
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resources:
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limits:
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cpus: '1'
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memory: 512M
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reservations:
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cpus: '0.5'
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memory: 256M
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```
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### 3. 配置健康检查
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```yaml
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services:
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app:
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healthcheck:
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test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:5000/"]
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interval: 30s
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timeout: 10s
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retries: 3
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start_period: 10s
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```
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### 4. 日志驱动配置
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```yaml
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services:
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app:
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logging:
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driver: "json-file"
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options:
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max-size: "10m"
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max-file: "3"
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```
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### 5. 重启策略
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```yaml
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services:
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app:
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restart: unless-stopped # 推荐值
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# unless-stopped: 容器异常退出时重启，停止后不重启
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# always: 总是重启
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# on-failure: 仅在非 0 退出码时重启
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# no: 不自动重启
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```
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## 监控和维护
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### 查看容器资源使用
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```bash
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# 实时监控
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docker stats Cloud Index
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# 查看完整统计信息
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docker stats --no-stream Cloud Index
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```
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### 清理无用资源
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```bash
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# 清理停止的容器
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docker container prune
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# 清理无用的镜像
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docker image prune
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# 清理无用的数据卷
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docker volume prune
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# 一次性清理所有无用资源
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docker system prune -a
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```
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### 备份数据卷
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```bash
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# 备份名称为 r2-cache 的卷
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docker run --rm \
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-v r2-cache:/data \
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-v $(pwd):/backup \
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ubuntu \
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tar czf /backup/r2-cache.tar.gz -C /data .
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# 恢复
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docker run --rm \
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-v r2-cache:/data \
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-v $(pwd):/backup \
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ubuntu \
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tar xzf /backup/r2-cache.tar.gz -C /data
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```
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## 故障排除
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### 容器无法启动
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```bash
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# 查看详细错误日志
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docker logs Cloud Index
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# 进入容器调试
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docker run -it --rm Cloud Index:latest bash
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```
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### 端口已被占用
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```bash
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# 查看占用端口的进程
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lsof -i :5000
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# 使用其他端口
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docker run -d -p 8080:5000 Cloud Index:latest
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```
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### 卷权限问题
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```bash
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# 检查卷权限
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docker inspect r2-cache
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# 修复权限（进入容器操作）
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docker exec Cloud Index chmod -R 755 /app/static/thumbs
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```
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### 内存溢出
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||
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```bash
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# 设置内存限制
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docker run -d \
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--memory=512m \
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--memory-swap=1g \
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Cloud Index:latest
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# 清理缓存
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docker exec Cloud Index rm -rf /app/static/thumbs/*
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```
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## 参考资源
|
||
|
||
- [Docker 官方文档](https://docs.docker.com/)
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||
- [Docker Compose 文件参考](https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/)
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||
- [Best practices for writing Dockerfiles](https://docs.docker.com/develop/dev-best-practices/dockerfile_best-practices/)
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